Hello Marlene, you've gotten lots of great advice here and there are a couple of different ways of doing the same thing. I will just list all the ways I know how to work with rubber dies with no foam.
1) mount the die onto stamping foam that has permanent adhesive on both sides and stick onto a wood block. Stamp an index image on some paper or something and stick it to the top of the wood block.
2) mount the die onto stamping foam that is permanent on one side (the side you stick the die to) and clingy on the other. Use the stamp with an acrylic handle. This kind of foam goes by a few different names; EZ Mount and Smart Cushion are a couple I know of off the top of my head.
Be forewarned that the permanent adhesive on EZ mount is pretty danged sticky, which is mostly just irritating especially when the rubber dies are already closely trimmed around the image. I mounted two closely trimmed rubber dies onto EZ Mount tonight and have a fine border of stickiness all the way around the sides of my images now.
3) put a fine coat of Alene's Tack it Over and Over glue on the back of the die and let it dry (can take an hour or a day depending on your climate). Once dry, stick it on and off your clothes or the back of your hand a few times to reduce the tack a little, and use with an acrylic handle.
4) put some double-sided poster tape on the back of the die, and stamp using an acrylic handle.
5) when dealing with a stamp image that already has some kind of permanent adhesive on the back (like the stamps SU sells, which are already mounted on foam with permanent adhesive on both sides) stick the stamp onto a sheet of Grafix vinyl cling. The larger the stamp, the more slowly and carefully you want to lay the stamp down on the cling to avoid air bubbles. Starting at a short end and working to the other end slowly seems to be the best approach. When trimming the cling around the stamp, make sure to leave a small border of cling to make it easier to peel the stamp image off the acrylic handle or your storage.
6) grab a glue stick and rub that on the back of the die just before putting the die on your acrylic handle.
7) invest in a system like HALOS (stands for "hook and loop on stamps" or something like that) where you apply strips of Velcro to the back of your dies, which stick to corresponding Velcro strips adhered into wide grooves of special acrylic handles.
leave the die be, poor thing, and coat your acrylic handle with Alene's Tack it Over and Over (and let it dry and reduce the tack a bit of course first) or poster tape. Store your dies loose in an envelope or something, and store your acrylic handle with the sticky side covered with waxed paper, plastic, etc.
Storage of your rubber dies or otherwise unmounted stamps depends on how you mount it onto the acrylic handle. For methods where you make the back of the die tacky or clingy, storing the stamps in CD cases is popular and convenient, tho it is getting less so with the popularity of slimline cases and decline of 'normal' case availability. Another storage option is to store your sticky stamps on page protectors in a binder. this is also the way I've seen HALOS stamps stored, on strips of velcro run vertically down a page protector with a sheet of cardstock in it. A third storage option I've heard of is putting your stamps on laminated cards that will stand upright in a card file or other smallish box. And I don't really know how folks who use the sticky block method, except by storing their dies in envelopes.
HTH!!!